1994

From top to bottom, left to right: Nelson Mandela is elected President of South Africa in the nation’s first multiracial democratic elections; the 1994 FIFA World Cup is held in the United States; the 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; the Rwandan genocide unfolds over 100 days, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 800,000 Tutsi and Hutu; the First Chechen War begins as Russian forces invade Chechnya; the 1994 Northridge earthquake devastates Southern California, causing widespread destruction and killing dozens; Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 breaks up and violently collides with Jupiter; the Zapatista uprising erupts in Chiapas, Mexico; and the Sony PlayStation is released in Japan.
1994 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1994
MCMXCIV
Ab urbe condita2747
Armenian calendar1443
ԹՎ ՌՆԽԳ
Assyrian calendar6744
Baháʼí calendar150–151
Balinese saka calendar1915–1916
Bengali calendar1400–1401
Berber calendar2944
British Regnal year42 Eliz. 2 – 43 Eliz. 2
Buddhist calendar2538
Burmese calendar1356
Byzantine calendar7502–7503
Chinese calendar癸酉年 (Water Rooster)
4691 or 4484
    — to —
甲戌年 (Wood Dog)
4692 or 4485
Coptic calendar1710–1711
Discordian calendar3160
Ethiopian calendar1986–1987
Hebrew calendar5754–5755
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat2050–2051
 - Shaka Samvat1915–1916
 - Kali Yuga5094–5095
Holocene calendar11994
Igbo calendar994–995
Iranian calendar1372–1373
Islamic calendar1414–1415
Japanese calendarHeisei 6
(平成6年)
Javanese calendar1926–1927
Juche calendar83
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4327
Minguo calendarROC 83
民國83年
Nanakshahi calendar526
Thai solar calendar2537
Tibetan calendarཆུ་མོ་བྱ་ལོ་
(female Water-Bird)
2120 or 1739 or 967
    — to —
ཤིང་ཕོ་ཁྱི་ལོ་
(male Wood-Dog)
2121 or 1740 or 968
Unix time757382400 – 788918399

1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1994th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 994th year of the 2nd millennium, the 94th year of the 20th century, and the 5th year of the 1990s decade.

The year 1994 was designated as the "International Year of the Family" and the "International Year of Sport and the Olympic Ideal" by the United Nations.

In the Line Islands and Phoenix Islands of Kiribati, 1994 had only 364 days, omitting December 31. This was due to an adjustment of the International Date Line by the Kiribati government to bring all of its territories into the same calendar day.

Events

The February 1994 photo of Pluto and Charon from the Hubble Space Telescope.

January

February

March

April

Nelson Mandela casts his vote in the 1994 South African general election

May

  • May 1 – Three-time Formula One world champion Ayrton Senna is killed in an accident during the San Marino Grand Prix in Imola, Italy.
  • May 5 – The Bishkek Protocol between Armenia and Azerbaijan is signed in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, effectively freezing the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
  • May 6 – The Channel Tunnel, which took 15,000 workers more than seven years to complete, officially opens between England and France; it will enable passengers to travel by rail between the two countries in 35 minutes.
  • May 10Nelson Mandela is inaugurated as South Africa's first black president.
  • May 17Malawi holds its first multiparty elections.
  • May 18 – The Flavr Savr, a genetically modified tomato, is deemed safe for consumption by the FDA, becoming the first commercially grown genetically engineered food to be granted a license for human consumption.
  • May 20 – After a funeral in Cluny Parish Church, Edinburgh attended by 900 people and after which 3,000 people line the streets, UK Labour Party leader John Smith is buried in a private family funeral on the island of Iona, at the sacred burial ground of Reilig Odhráin, which contains the graves of several Scottish kings as well as monarchs of Ireland, Norway and France.[9]
  • May 22Pope John Paul II issues the Apostolic Letter Ordinatio sacerdotalis from the Vatican, expounding the Catholic Church's position requiring "the reservation of priestly ordination to men alone".

June

July

Brown spots mark impact sites of the Shoemaker–Levy Comet on Jupiter's southern hemisphere.

August

Hurricane John near peak intensity to the south of Hawaii on August 23
  • August 5Maleconazo: Groups of protesters spread from Havana, Cuba's Castillo de la Punta ("Point Castle"), creating the first protests against Fidel Castro's government since 1959.
  • August 12 – Woodstock '94 begins in Saugerties, New York, United States, marking the 25-year anniversary of Woodstock in 1969.
  • August 18
    • 1994 Mascara earthquake: a 5.8 earthquake leaves 171 dead in Algeria.
    • Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants: a 12-person jury reaches its verdict to award Stella Liebeck $2,860,000 in compensatory and punitive damages, later reduced to $640,000, for burns she received from a spilled hot coffee. McDonald's and Liebeck will later settle out of court.
  • August 20 – Tyke, a female African bush elephant, injures her groomer and kills her trainer at the Neal S. Blaisdell Center in Honolulu, Hawaii. She then escapes the arena, and runs amok in the streets for half an hour, before police officers shoot her 86 times. She eventually collapses from her wounds and dies.
  • August 31
  • c. August – Pizza Hut becomes the first restaurant to offer online food ordering, in California.[13][14]

September

  • September 3Cold War: Russia and the China agree to de-target their nuclear weapons against each other.
  • September 5New South Wales State MP for Cabramatta John Newman is shot outside his home, in Australia's first political assassination since 1977.
  • September 8 – USAir Flight 427, a Boeing 737 with 132 people on board, crashes on approach to Pittsburgh International Airport killing all on board.
  • September 13 – President Bill Clinton signs the Federal Assault Weapons Ban, which bans the manufacture of new firearms with certain features for a period of 10 years.
  • September 14 – The 1994 World Series in baseball is officially cancelled due to the ongoing work stoppage. It is the first time a World Series will not be played since 1904.
  • September 16
    • Danish tour guide Louise Jensen is abducted, raped and murdered by three British soldiers in Cyprus.[15]
    • Britain lifts the broadcasting ban imposed on Sinn Féin and paramilitary groups from Northern Ireland.
  • September 19 – Operation Uphold Democracy: U.S. troops stage a bloodless invasion of Haiti to restore the legitimately elected leader, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, to power.
  • September 28
    • The car ferry MS Estonia sinks in the Baltic Sea, killing 852 people.
    • José Francisco Ruiz Massieu, Mexican politician, is assassinated on orders of Raúl Salinas de Gortari.
  • September–October – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq threatens to stop cooperating with UNSCOM inspectors and begins to once again deploy troops near its border with Kuwait. In response, the U.S. begins to deploy troops to Kuwait.

October

  • October 1
    • In Slovakia, populist leader Vladimír Mečiar wins the general election.
    • Palau gains independence from the United Nations Trusteeship Council.
  • October 5 – The day after five members of the Order of the Solar Temple were found dead in Morin-Heights, Quebec, Canada, Swiss police find 48 members of the cult dead, in what was found to be a mass murder-suicide.
  • October 15
    • After three years of U.S. exile, Haiti's president Aristide returns to his country.
    • Iraq disarmament crisis: following threats by the U.N. Security Council and the U.S., Iraq withdraws troops from its border with Kuwait.
  • October 16 – Robbery on the Bank of the Republic: In the Colombian city of Valledupar, a branch of the Colombian central bank Banco de la Republica (Bank of the Republic) is robbed of COP$24,075 million of non emitted bills (some US$33 million); this comes to be known as "El Robo del Siglo" (the bank heist of the century).[16][17]

November

December

  • December 1 – Ernesto Zedillo takes office as President of Mexico.
  • December 2 – The Australian government agrees to pay reparations to indigenous Australians who were displaced during the nuclear tests at Maralinga in the 1950s and 1960s.
  • December 3
    • Sony releases the PlayStation video game system in Japan; it will sell over 100 million units worldwide by the time it is discontinued in 2006.[22]
    • Taiwan holds its first full local elections: James Soong is elected as the first and only directly elected Governor of Taiwan; Chen Shui-bian becomes the first direct elected Mayor of Taipei; Wu Den-yih becomes the first directly elected Mayor of Kaohsiung.
  • December 11 – Russian president Boris Yeltsin orders troops into Chechnya.
  • December 13
    • The trial of former president Mengistu begins in Ethiopia.
    • Fred West, 53, a builder living in Gloucester, England, is remanded in custody, charged with murdering 12 people (including two of his own daughters) whose bodies are mostly found buried at his house in Cromwell Street. His wife Rosemary West, 41, is charged with 10 murders.[23]
  • December 14 – Construction commences on the Three Gorges Dam, at Sandouping, China.
    The Netscape Navigator web browser as it first appeared in December 1994
  • December 19
    • A planned exchange rate correction of the Mexican peso to the US dollar, becomes a massive financial meltdown in Mexico, unleashing the 'Tequila' effect on global financial markets. This prompts a US$50 billion "bailout" by the Clinton administration.
    • Civil unions between same-sex couples are legalized in Sweden.
  • December 31 – This date is skipped by the Phoenix Islands to switch from the UTC−11 time zone to UTC+13, and by the Line Islands to switch from UTC−10 to UTC+14. The latter becomes the earliest time zone in the world, one full day ahead of Hawaii.

Births

Births
January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December

January

Lucy Boynton
Booboo Stewart
Maluma

February

Julia Garner
Harry Styles
Alexia Putellas
Bakar
Seulgi
Ava Max
Dakota Fanning

March

Justin Bieber
Tyreek Hill
Jordan Pickford
Ansel Elgort

April

Saoirse Ronan
Shaunae Miller-Uibo
  • April 3
    • Feng Bin, Chinese discus thrower[58]
    • Srbuk, Armenian singer[59]
  • April 9 – Rosamaria Montibeller, Brazilian volleyball player[60]
  • April 11
    • Duncan Laurence, Dutch singer
    • Dakota Blue Richards, English actress
  • April 12
    • Eric Bailly, Ivorian footballer[61]
    • Oh Se-hun, South Korean singer[62]
    • Saoirse Ronan, United States-born Irish actress
  • April 14 – Pauline Ranvier, French fencer[63]
  • April 20 – Alexander Massialas, American fencer[64]
  • April 21 – Gulnaz Khatuntseva, Russian cyclist[65]
  • April 22 – Maria Verschoor, Dutch field hockey player[66]
  • April 25 – Omar McLeod, Jamaican hurdler[67]

May

Mateo Kovačić
Dimash Kudaibergen
Lindsey Heaps
Aly Raisman
João Cancelo
  • May 1 – Khamzat Chimaev, Russian born-Swedish mixed martial artist and professional wrestler[68]
  • May 2 – Alexander Choupenitch, Czech fencer[69]
  • May 4 – Zhu Yaming, Chinese triple jumper[70]
  • May 6
    • Mateo Kovačić, Croatian footballer[71]
    • Juan Musso, Argentine footballer[72]
  • May 14
    • Pernille Blume, Danish swimmer[73]
    • Marquinhos, Brazilian footballer[74]
  • May 17 – Julie Anne San Jose, Filipina singer-songwriter[75]
  • May 19 – Gabriela Guimarães, Brazilian volleyball player[76]
  • May 20 – Piotr Zieliński, Polish footballer[77]
  • May 21 – Tom Daley, British diver[78]
  • May 22
    • Athena Manoukian, Greek born-Armenian singer[79]
    • Miho Takagi, Japanese speed skater[80]
  • May 24
    • Jarell Martin, American basketball player[81]
    • Daiya Seto, Japanese swimmer[82]
  • May 25 – Aly Raisman, American gymnast and model[83]
  • May 27
    • João Cancelo, Portuguese footballer[84]
    • Aymeric Laporte, French born-Spanish footballer[85]

June

Liv Morgan
HoYeon Jung
Hussein, Crown Prince of Jordan
Camila Mendes
Leandro Paredes
  • June 8
    • Liv Morgan, American pro wrestler
    • Song Yoo-jung, South Korean actress and model (d. 2021)
  • June 10 – Cheung Ka Long, Hong Kong foil fencer[86]
  • June 11
    • Ivana Baquero, Spanish actress
    • Jessica Fox, Australian canoeist
  • June 15
    • Vincent Janssen, Dutch footballer
    • Lee Kiefer, American fencer[87]
  • June 20 – Sarah Köhler, German swimmer[88]
  • June 23 – HoYeon Jung, South Korean actress[89]
  • June 24 – Lily Williams, American cyclist[90]
  • June 25 – Lauren Price, Welsh boxer[91]
  • June 28
    • Anish Giri, Russian born-Dutch chess grandmaster[92]
    • Hussein, Crown Prince of Jordan, heir apparent of Jordan
  • June 29
    • Camila Mendes, American actress
    • Leandro Paredes, Argentinian footballer

July

Shohei Ohtani
  • July 2 – Baba Rahman, Ghanaian footballer
  • July 4 – Era Istrefi, Kosovar-Albanian singer and songwriter.[93]
  • July 5
    • Robin Gosens, German footballer[94]
    • Shohei Ohtani, Japanese baseball player[95]
  • July 9 – Akiane Kramarik, American poet and painter[96]
  • July 11
    • Lucas Ocampos, Argentine footballer[97]
    • Jake Wightman, British middle-distance runner[98]
  • July 12 – Molly Seidel, American marathon runner[99]
  • July 17
    • Victor Lindelöf, Swedish footballer[100]
    • Benjamin Mendy, French footballer
  • July 25 – Bianka Buša, Serbian volleyball player[101]
  • July 27
    • Winnie Harlow, Canadian model
    • Sándor Tótka, Hungarian canoeist[102]
  • July 31 – Liang Xinping, Chinese synchronised swimmer[103]

August

Bernardo Silva
Madelaine Petsch
Phoebe Bridgers
Nafissatou Thiam
Ons Jabeur

September

Bruno Fernandes
RM
Halsey

October

Bae Suzy
Margaret Qualley
  • October 1
    • Trézéguet, Egyptian footballer
    • Arthur Van Doren, Belgian field hockey player[128]
  • October 8 – Luca Hänni, Swiss singer-songwriter
  • October 9 – Jodelle Ferland, Canadian actress[129]
  • October 10 – Bae Suzy, South Korean singer and actress
  • October 12 – Olivia Smoliga, American swimmer[130]
  • October 17
    • Sara Dosho, Japanese wrestler
    • Alejandra Valencia, Mexican archer[131]
  • October 18 – Pascal Wehrlein, German-Mauritian racing driver[132]
  • October 20 – Festus Talam, Kenyan athlete
  • October 22 – Carline van Breugel, Dutch politician
    • Alberta Santuccio, Italian fencer[133]
  • October 23 – Margaret Qualley, actress
  • October 24
    • Krystal Jung, American-South Korean singer[134]
    • Sean O'Malley, American mixed martial artist fighter[135]
  • October 26 – Matthew Hudson-Smith, British sprinter[136]

November

Zoey Deutch
Dacre Montgomery

December

Giannis Antetokounmpo
Raheem Sterling

Deaths

Nobel Prizes

The Nobel Prize medallion.
The Nobel Prize medallion.

Templeton Prize

  • Michael Novak

Fields Medal

  • Efim Zelmanov, Pierre-Louis Lions, Jean Bourgain, Jean-Christophe Yoccoz

Right Livelihood Award

  • Astrid Lindgren, SERVOL (Service Volunteered for All), H. Sudarshan / VGKK (Vivekananda Girijana Kalyana Kendra), Ken Saro-Wiwa / MOSOP (Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People)

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