1600

July 2: Dutch Republic defeats Kingdom of Spain in the Battle of Nieuwpoort.
1600 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1600
MDC
Ab urbe condita2353
Armenian calendar1049
ԹՎ ՌԽԹ
Assyrian calendar6350
Balinese saka calendar1521–1522
Bengali calendar1006–1007
Berber calendar2550
English Regnal year42 Eliz. 1 – 43 Eliz. 1
Buddhist calendar2144
Burmese calendar962
Byzantine calendar7108–7109
Chinese calendar己亥年 (Earth Pig)
4297 or 4090
    — to —
庚子年 (Metal Rat)
4298 or 4091
Coptic calendar1316–1317
Discordian calendar2766
Ethiopian calendar1592–1593
Hebrew calendar5360–5361
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1656–1657
 - Shaka Samvat1521–1522
 - Kali Yuga4700–4701
Holocene calendar11600
Igbo calendar600–601
Iranian calendar978–979
Islamic calendar1008–1009
Japanese calendarKeichō 5
(慶長５年)
Javanese calendar1520–1521
Julian calendarGregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar3933
Minguo calendar312 before ROC
民前312年
Nanakshahi calendar132
Thai solar calendar2142–2143
Tibetan calendarས་མོ་ཕག་ལོ་
(female Earth-Boar)
1726 or 1345 or 573
    — to —
ལྕགས་ཕོ་བྱི་བ་ལོ་
(male Iron-Rat)
1727 or 1346 or 574

1600 (MDC) was a century leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1600th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 600th year of the 2nd millennium, the 100th and last year of the 16th century, and the 1st year of the 1600s decade. As of the start of 1600, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

The year 1600 was the end of the 16th century and the start of the 17th century. In the Gregorian calendar, it was the first century leap year and the last until the year 2000.

Events

January–March

April–June

  • April 19 – The first Dutch ship ever to arrive in Japan, the Liefde ("Love"), anchors in Sashifu, in the Bungo Province (modern-day Usuki in Ōita Prefecture). The sailors present on this ship are William Adams, Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn, Jacob Quaeckernaeck and Melchior van Santvoort.
  • May 27 – Michael the Brave becomes ruler of Wallachia, Transylvania and Moldavia, formally uniting the three Danubian Principalities under one Romanian ruler.
  • June 5 – Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, the former Lord Lieutenant of Ireland and Chancellor of the University of Dublin, is put on trial in England before a commission of 18 men, after being charged with malfeasance. He is deprived of his main business, a monopoly on sweet wines, and stripped of his noble title. In revenge, he attempts to organize a coup d'etat to overthrow Queen Elizabeth and fails in his plot.
  • June 9 – Yi Hang-bok becomes the new Chief State Councillor of Korea (the Yeonguijeong), equivalent to a prime minister, after being appointed by King Seonjo to replace Yi San-hae.
  • June 13 – Barrister Nicholas Fuller is granted the exclusive right in England to manufacture playing cards.[5]
  • June 25 – In England, a fire destroys much of the town of North Walsham, Norfolk, burning down 118 homes, 70 shops, and most of the stalls in the market square. The fire is traced to the home of one person who tries to flee town after the blaze begins. Many of the persons left homeless are given shelter at the St Nicholas Church.

July–September

  • July 2 – Eighty Years' War (Dutch War of Independence) – Battle of Nieuwpoort: The Dutch Republic gains a tactical victory over the Spanish Empire.[6]
  • August 5 – The brothers Alexander Ruthven and John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie, are killed during a failed attempt to kidnap or murder King James VI of Scotland at their home.
  • September 18 – The Battle of Mirăslău takes place within Transylvania as Hungarian troops, backed by the Holy Roman Empire, triumph over the Principality of Wallachia, backed by Poland. Hungarian General Giorgio Basta brings 30,000 men against the 22,000 commanded by Wallachia's ruler Michael the Brave. The Wallachians sustain more than 5,000 dead and wounded.
  • September 24 – All 130 crew of the Dutch Republic ship Hoop die when the merchantman sinks in a storm while traveling in the Pacific Ocean between the Hawaiian Islands and Japan.[7] The Liefde, a ship accompanying Hoop, is badly damaged but survives; all but 24 of its crew of more than 100 die from starvation and thirst after drifting more than six months before arriving in Japan on April 19, 1601.

October–December

Date unknown

World population

Births

John Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Weimar
Charles I of England

January–March

April–June

  • April 11 – Jacques Buteux, French missionary (d. 1652)
  • April 13 – Duke Johann Wilhelm of Saxe-Altenburg, colonel in the Saxon Army (d. 1632)
  • April 22 – Alessandro dal Borro, Austrian field marshal (d. 1656)
  • May 25 – Thomas Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Haddington, Scottish noble (d. 1640)
  • May 31 – Empress Xiaoduanwen of the Qing Dynasty (d. 1649)
  • June 26
    • Sir Richard Grenville, 1st Baronet, English Royalist leader (baptised;[14] d. 1658)
    • Juan de Palafox y Mendoza, Spanish politician, clergyman (d. 1659)
  • June 29 – Maria Maddalena de' Medici, Italian princess (d. 1633)

July–September

Eleonore Marie of Anhalt-Bernburg
  • July 1 – George Gobat, French theologian (d. 1679)
  • July 15 – Jan Cossiers, Flemish painter (d. 1671)
  • July 20 – Sir Edward Acton, 1st Baronet, Sheriff of Shropshire (d. 1659)
  • July 22
    • Sir Hugh Cholmeley, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1657)
    • Michel de Marolles, French translator and churchman (d. 1681)
  • August 7 – Eleonore Marie of Anhalt-Bernburg, Duchess consort of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (d. 1657)
  • August 16 – Maria Celeste, Italian nun, daughter of Galileo Galilei (d. 1634)
  • August 24 – Antoine de Laloubère, French Jesuit mathematician (d. 1664)
  • August 29 – John Stawell, English Member of Parliament and governor of Taunton (d. 1662)
  • September 5 – Loreto Vittori, Italian singer and composer (d. 1670)
  • September 19
    • Hermann Busenbaum, German Jesuit theologian (d. 1668)
    • John Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (d. 1628)
  • September 29 – Sir Thomas Aston, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1645)
  • September 30 – Francis Bacon, English politician and Ipswich MP (d. 1663)

October–December

Date unknown

  • Marin le Roy de Gomberville, French poet and novelist (d. 1674)
  • Anna Alojza Ostrogska, Polish noblewoman (d. 1654)
  • William Prynne, English Puritan politician (d. 1669)
  • Brian Walton, English bishop and scholar (d. 1661)

Probable

  • Martine Bertereau, French mineralogist
  • Jonas Bronck, Swedish colonist in America (d. 1643)
  • Dud Dudley, first Englishman to smelt iron ore with coke (d. 1684)
  • Piaras Feiritéar, Irish language poet (d. 1653)
  • Samuel Hartlib, British scholar (d. 1662)
  • Claude Lorrain, French Baroque painter, draughtsman and engraver (d. 1682)
  • Samuel Rutherford, Scottish theologian and controversialist (d. 1660)

Deaths

Sebastian de Aparicio
Shima Sakon
Richard Hooker
Margrave Andrew of Burgau

January–March

  • January 9 – John Spencer, English landowner and politician (b. 1549)
  • January 21 – Jerzy Radziwiłł, Polish–Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic) from the Radziwiłł family (b. 1556)
  • February 9 – John Frederick, Duke of Pomerania, Protestant Bishop of Cammin (1567–1574) and ruling Duke of Pomerania (1569–1600) (b. 1542)
  • February 15 – José de Acosta, Spanish Jesuit missionary and naturalist (b. 1540)
  • February 17 – Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher (burned at the stake) (b. 1548)[16]
  • February 25 – Sebastian de Aparicio, Spanish colonial industrialist, Roman Catholic priest and blessed in Mexico (b. 1502)
  • February 29 – Caspar Hennenberger, German historian and cartographe (b. 1529)
  • March 6 – Johann Major, German poet and theologian (b. 1533)
  • March 20 – Gustaf Banér, Swedish noble (b. 1547)
  • April 1 – Esperanza Malchi, Ottoman businessperson
  • April – Thomas Deloney, English writer (b. 1543)

April–June

  • May 17 – Thomas Leighton, English politician (b. 1554)
  • May 18
    • Nicolaus Olai Bothniensis, Swedish archbishop (b. 1550)
    • Fulvio Orsini, Italian humanist, historian and archaeologist (b. 1529)
  • May 19 – Abe Masakatsu, Japanese nobleman (b. 1541)
  • June 3 – Juan Grande Román, Spanish Catholic saint (b. 1546)
  • June 8 – Edward Fortunatus, German nobleman (b. 1565)
  • June 25 – David Chytraeus, German historian and theologian (b. 1530)[17]
  • June 19 – Christopher Layer, English politician (b. 1531)

July–September

October–December

  • October 12 – Luis de Molina, Spanish Jesuit priest and philosopher (b. 1535)[21]
  • October 16 – Nicolaus Reimers, German astronomer (b. 1551)
  • October 17 – Cornelis de Jode, Flemish cartographer, engraver and publisher (b. 1568)
  • October 21
    • Toda Katsushige, Japanese warlord (b. 1557)
    • Shima Sakon, Japanese samurai (b. 1540)
    • Shimazu Toyohisa, Japanese samurai (b. 1570)
    • Ōtani Yoshitsugu, Japanese samurai (b. 1558)
  • November 3 – Richard Hooker, English Anglican theologian (b. 1554)
  • November 6
    • Ishida Mitsunari, Japanese feudal lord (decapitated) (b. 1560)
    • Konishi Yukinaga, Japanese Christian warlord (b. 1555)
  • November 8 – Natsuka Masaie, Japanese warlord (b. 1562)
  • November 12 – Margrave Andrew of Burgau, German nobleman, Cardinal, Bishop of Constance and Brixen (b. 1558)
  • November 15 – Sigmund Fugger von Kirchberg und Weißenhorn, bishop of Regensburg (b. 1542)
  • November 17 – Kuki Yoshitaka, Japanese naval commander (b. 1542)
  • November 25 – Juan Téllez-Girón, 2nd Duke of Osuna, Spanish duke (b. 1559)
  • November 30 – Nanda Bayin, King of Burma (b. 1535)
  • December 3 – Roger North, 2nd Baron North, English politician (b. 1530)
  • December 16 – Charles I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (1569–1600) (b. 1560)

Full date missing

  • Gilles de Noailles – French Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire from 1575 to 1579 (b. 1524)

References

  • Spielvogel, Jackson J. Western Civilization. Volume II: Since 1500 (5th ed.). p. 401.
  1. ^ Annals of Ireland by the Four Masters as translated into English by Owen Connellan, ed. by Michael O'Clery (Irish Genealogical Foundation, 2003) p. 666
  2. ^ a b Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 238–243. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  3. ^ Falkland Islands: Report for 1924 (His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1926) p. 3
  4. ^ Hilary Gatti (2002). Giordano Bruno: Philosopher of the Renaissance. Ashgate. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-7546-0562-1.
  5. ^ ""Nicholas Fuller and the Liberties of the Subject", by Stephen Wright, Journal of Parliamentary History (2006) p.180
  6. ^ "Historical Events for Year 1600 | OnThisDay.com". Historyorb.com. Retrieved 2018-04-05.
  7. ^ "Hoop". Archeosousmarine. 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  8. ^ John Glenn Paton (1994). Italian Arias of the Baroque and Classical Eras: High. Alfred Music Publishing. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-7390-2191-0.
  9. ^ a b ("Dispatch of 23rd October, 1600: On the 20th the two ambassadors from Persia made their entry here; one is an Englishman called, as I understand, he is the principal Ambassador, and the other is a Persian called Assan Halevech; there are about twenty or twenty-five persons with them...") contemporary account, quoted in Sir Anthony Sherley and His Persian Adventure, ed by Edward D. Ross (RoutledgeCurzon, 2005) p. 23–24
  10. ^ ("Dispatch of November 8th, 1600: "Yesterday these Ambassadors from the King of Persia had had an audience. The Englishman spoke in Spanish, and the substance of that King's offer to His Imperial Majesty was that he would arm against the Turk...")
  11. ^ "Dionysios the Philosopher, Metropolitan of Larissa", by Georgios Ploumidis, in Ta Nea (Athens), August 17, 2000, archived by Archive.org
  12. ^ Pedro Calderón de la Barca (1986). Love is No Laughing Matter. Oxford University Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-85668-365-7.
  13. ^ The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge. Baker Book House. 1977. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-8010-7947-4.
  14. ^ "Grenville, Sir Richard (1600–1659), of Fitzford, nr. Tavistock, Devon". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  15. ^ David Mathew (1955). Scotland Under Charles I. Eyre & Spottiswoode. p. 26. ISBN 978-7-470-00028-0. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  16. ^ Hans Blumenberg (1985). The Legitimacy of the Modern Age. MIT Press. p. 549. ISBN 978-0-262-52105-5.
  17. ^ Virginia Brown; James Hankins; Robert A. Kaster (May 2003). Catalogus Translationum Et Commentariorum: Medieval and Renaissance Latin Translations and Commentaries : Annotated Lists and Guides. CUA Press. p. 168. ISBN 978-0-8132-1300-2.
  18. ^ William Oxenham Hewlett (1882). Notes on Dignities in the Peerage of Scotland which are Dormant Or which Have Been Forfeited. Wildy and Sons. p. 135.
  19. ^ Alexander Chalmers (1816). The General Biographical Dictionary Containing an Historical and Critical Account of the Lives and Writings of the Most Eminent Persons. J. Nichols. p. 292.
  20. ^ Encyclopedia of World Biography: Kilpatrick-Louis. Gale Research. 1998. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-7876-2549-8.
  21. ^ Diego Alonso-Lasheras SJ (11 April 2011). Luis de Molina's De Iustitia et Iure: Justice as Virtue in an Economic Context. BRILL. p. 14. ISBN 978-90-04-20966-4.
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