September

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2026

September is the ninth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Its length is 30 days.

September, from the Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
In recent decades, the number of warm temperature records in September has outpaced cold temperature records over a growing portion of Earth's surface.[1]

September in the Northern Hemisphere and March in the Southern Hemisphere are seasonally equivalent. In the Northern Hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological autumn is on 1 September. In the Southern Hemisphere, the beginning of the meteorological spring is on 1 September.[2]

September marks the beginning of the ecclesiastical year in the Eastern Orthodox Church. It is the start of the academic year in many countries of the northern hemisphere, in which children go back to school after the summer break, sometimes on the first day of the month. Some Libras and Virgos are born in September, with Virgos being born on September 1st through September 22nd and Libras September 23rd through September 30.

September (from Latin septem, "seven") was originally the seventh month in the oldest known Roman calendar, the calendar of Romulus c. 750 BC, with March being (Latin Martius) the first month of the year until perhaps as late as 451 BC.[3] After the calendar reform that added January and February to the beginning of the year, September became the ninth month but retained its name. It had 29 days until the Julian reform, which added a day.

Events

Ancient Roman observances for September include Ludi Romani, originally celebrated from September 12 to September 14, later extended to September 5 to September 19. In the 1st century BC, an extra day was added in honor of the deified Julius Caesar on 4 September. Epulum Jovis was held on September 13. Ludi Triumphales was held from September 18–22. The Septimontium was celebrated in September, and on December 11 on later calendars. These dates do not correspond to the modern Gregorian calendar.

September was called the "harvest month" in Charlemagne's calendar. September corresponds partly to the Fructidor and partly to the Vendémiaire of the first French republic. September is called Herbstmonat, harvest month, in Switzerland. The Anglo-Saxons called the month Gerstmonath, barley month, that crop being then usually harvested.[4]

In 1752, the British Empire adopted the Gregorian calendar. In the British Empire that year, September 2 was immediately followed by September 14.

On Usenet, it is said that September 1993 (Eternal September) never ended.

In the United States, September is one of the most common birth months (third most popular after August and July, which both have 31 days), as all but one Top 10 most common birthdays are in September, based on the National Center for Health Statistics statistics on births between 1994 and 2014. The most common birthday is September 9 (#1), least common is September 1 (#250).[5][6][7]

Astronomy and astrology

The September equinox takes place in this month, and certain observances are organized around it. It is the Autumn equinox in the Northern Hemisphere, and the Vernal equinox in the Southern Hemisphere. The dates can vary from 21 September to 24 September (in UTC).

September is mostly in the sixth month of the astrological calendar (and the first part of the seventh), which begins at the end of March/Mars/Aries.

Symbols

September's birthstone is the sapphire. The birth flowers are the forget-me-not, morning glory and aster.[8][9] The zodiac signs are Virgo (until September 22) and Libra (September 23 onward).[10][11]

Observances

This list does not necessarily imply either official status or general observance.

Sapphire, a birthstone of September

Non-Gregorian

  • List of observances set by the Bahá'í calendar
  • List of observances set by the Chinese calendar
  • List of observances set by the Hebrew calendar
  • List of observances set by the Islamic calendar
  • List of observances set by the Solar Hijri calendar

Month-long

  • Amerindian Heritage Month (Guyana)
  • Childhood Cancer Awareness Month (United Kingdom)
  • Gynecologic Cancer Awareness Month[12]
  • Leukemia and Lymphoma Awareness Month[13]
  • Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month[12]
  • Thyroid Cancer Awareness Month[14]
  • National Suicide Prevention Month[15]
  • Vegetable Month[16]

United States

  • Better Breakfast Month[17]
  • Food Safety Education Month[17]
  • National Childhood Obesity Awareness Month[17][18]
  • Hydrocephalus Awareness Month[19]
  • Pain Awareness Month
  • National Preparedness Month
  • National Prostate Health Month
  • National Sickle Cell Awareness Month[17]
  • National Yoga Month
Food months
  • National Bourbon Heritage Month
  • California Wine Month[20]
  • National Chicken Month[17]
  • National Honey Month
  • National Mushroom Month
  • National Italian Cheese Month[21]
  • National Papaya Month[17]
  • National Potato Month[17]
  • National Rice Month[17]
  • National Whole Grains Month[17]
  • National Wild Rice Month[17]

Movable Gregorian

Forget-me-not, the birth flower of September
  • Engineering Day (Egypt)
  • White Balloon Day
  • Day of the Programmer
  • Te Wiki o te Reo Māori (Māori Language Week) (New Zealand)[22]
  • See also Movable Western Christian observances
  • See also Movable Eastern Christian observances

First Wednesday

First Thursday

First Friday

First Sunday

First Sunday after September 4

Week of the first Monday

Week of September 10

First Monday

Nearest weekday to September 12

Second Saturday

  • Day of the Workers in the Oil, Gas, Power, and Geological Industry (Turkmenistan)

Saturday after first Monday

Second Sunday

First Sunday after first Monday

Week of September 17

  • Celebrate Freedom Week (Kansas and Texas, United States)

Third Tuesday

September 17 but observed on previous Friday if it falls on a Saturday or following Monday if on a Sunday

Third Friday

POW☆MIA Flag.

Third Saturday

  • National Cleanup Day (United States)
  • Oktoberfest celebrations begin (German diaspora, local dates may vary)
  • Software Freedom Day (International observance)

Weekend of the week of September 17

Third Sunday

  • Day of the Walloon Region (Wallonia, Belgium)
  • Father's Day (Ukraine)
  • Federal Day of Thanksgiving, Repentance and Prayer (Switzerland)
  • Warachikuy (Cusco, Peru)

Week of Sunday before September 23

  • Bisexual Awareness Week

Week of September 22

  • Tolkien Week

Last week

  • Banned Books Week (International observance):

Last full week

  • National Forest Week (Canada)
    • National Tree Day (Wednesday of last full week):
  • Celebrate Freedom Week (Arkansas and Florida, United States)

Third Monday

  • Respect for the Aged Day (Japan)

Pertaining to the September Equinox

Fourth Friday

Last Friday

Last Saturday

  • Girls in Aviation Day (International observance)
  • National Public Lands Day (United States)

Last Sunday

Fourth Monday

  • American Indian Day (Tennessee, United States)
  • September Declaration (Flanders, Belgium)

Last Wednesday

Last weekday

Fixed Gregorian

School starts in September in many countries, such as Belgium
Morning glories
Morning glories, a birth flower of September
    • Armored Forces Day (Ukraine)
    • California Admission Day (California, United States)
    • Children's Day (Costa Rica)
    • Chrysanthemum Day (Japan)
    • Day of the Victims of Holocaust and of Racial Violence (Slovakia)
    • Emergency Services Day (United Kingdom)
    • Independence Day or Republic Day (North Korea)
    • Independence Day (Tajikistan) from USSR in 1991.
    • Martyrs' Day (Afghanistan) (date may fall on September 8, follows a non-Gregorian calendar)
    • National Steak Au Poivre Day (United States)
    • Remembrance for Herman the Cheruscan (The Troth)
    • Wienerschnitzel Day (United States)
  • September 10
    • Amerindian Heritage Day (Guyana)
    • Children's Day (Honduras)
    • National Day (Gibraltar)
    • National TV Dinner Day (United States)
    • Saint George's Caye Day (Belize)
    • Teachers' Day (China)
    • World Suicide Prevention Day
  • September 11
  • September 12
    • Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary
    • Day of Conception (Russia)
    • Day of the Programmer, during a leap year. (International)
    • Defenders Day (Maryland. (United States)
    • Enkutatash falls on this day if it is a leap year. (Ethiopia, Rastafari)
    • Mindfulness Day
    • National Chocolate Milkshake Day (United States)
    • National Day (Cape Verde)
    • National Day of Encouragement (United States)
  • September 13
  • September 14
    • Children's Day (Nepal) (celebrated on the 15th on leap years)
    • Engineer's Day (Romania)
    • Feast of the Cross (Christianity)
      • Elevation of the Holy Cross (Eastern Orthodox)
    • Hindi Diwas (Hindi-speaking regions)
    • Mobilized Servicemen Day (Ukraine)
    • National Cream Filled Donut Day (United States)
    • National Eat a Hoagie Day (United States)
    • San Jacinto Day (Nicaragua)
  • September 15
Asters
Asters, a September birth flower.
    • Battle of Britain Day (United Kingdom)
    • Children's Day (Nepal) (leap years only)
    • Engineer's Day (India)
    • Free Money Day (International)
    • Independence Day (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica)
    • International Day of Democracy (International)
    • Knowledge Day (Azerbaijan)
    • National Crème de Menthe Day (United States)
    • National Double Cheeseburger Day (United States)
    • National Linguine Day (United States)
    • National Cheese Toast Day (United States)
    • Patriotic Day (Guatemala)
    • Restoration of Primorska to the Motherland Day (Slovenia)
    • Silpa Bhirasri Day (Thailand).
    • World Lymphoma Awareness Day
    • The beginning of National Hispanic Heritage Month, celebrated until October 15 (United States)
  • September 16
    • Grito de Dolores (Mexico)
    • Independence Day (Papua New Guinea), celebrates the independence of Papua New Guinea from Australia in 1975.
    • International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer
    • Malaysian Armed Forces Day (Malaysia)
    • Malaysia Day (Malaysia, Singapore)
    • Martyrs' Day (Libya)
    • Heroes' Day (Saint Kitts and Nevis)
    • National Cinnamon Raisin Toast Day (United States)
    • National Guacamole Day (United States)
  • September 17
    • Australian Citizenship Day
    • Constitution Day and Citizenship Day (observed on the previous Friday if it falls on a Saturday, the following Monday if on a Sunday)
    • Start of Constitution Week, runs from September 17–23
    • Heroes' Day (Angola)
    • Marathwada Liberation Day (India)
    • National Apple Dumpling Day (United States)
    • National Monte Cristo Sandwich Day (United States)
    • Operation Market Garden Anniversary is still remembered with parachuting and dedications on this day. (Netherlands)
    • Teachers' Day (Honduras)
    • Von Steuben Day. (United States), weekend of the week of September 17.
  • September 18
    • Day of National Music (Azerbaijan)
    • First day of Fiestas Patrias (Chile) or Dieciocho (Chile)
    • Island Language Day (Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)
    • National Cheeseburger Day (United States)
    • Navy Day (Croatia)
    • World Water Monitoring Day (International)
  • September 19
    • Armed Forces Day (Chile)
    • Day of the First Public Appearance of the Slovak National Council
    • Feast of San Gennaro
    • Second day of Fiestas Patrias (Chile)
    • Independence Day (Saint Kitts and Nevis)
    • International Talk Like a Pirate Day
    • National Butterscotch Pudding Day (United States)
  • September 20
    • Independence Day of South Ossetia (not fully recognized)
    • National Pepperoni Pizza Day (United States)
    • National Punch Day (United States)
    • National Rum Punch Day (United States)
    • National Youth Day (Thailand)
    • Oil Workers' Day (Azerbaijan)
    • Universal Children's Day (Germany)
  • September 21
    • Arbor Day (Brazil)
    • Commemoration of the Declaration of Martial Law (Philippines)
    • Customs Service Day (Poland)
    • Founder's Day and National Volunteer Day (Ghana)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Armenia from the Soviet Union in 1991.
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Belize from the United Kingdom in 1981.
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Malta from the United Kingdom in 1964.
    • International Day of Peace (International)
    • National Pecan Cookie Day (United States)
    • Acknowledgement of Earth, Wind, & Fire's "September"
    • Student's Day (Bolivia)
    • Victory over the Golden Horde in the Battle of Kulikovo (Russia)
  • September 22
    • American Business Women's Day (United States)
    • Hobbit Day, the containing week is celebrated as Tolkien Week. (American Tolkien Society)
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Bulgaria from the Ottoman Empire in 1908.
    • Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Mali from France in 1960.
    • OneWebDay, an annual day of Internet celebration and awareness, started in 2006.
    • Resistance Fighting Day (Estonia)
    • World Car-Free Day
  • September 23
    • Celebrate Bisexuality Day
    • Grito de Lares (Puerto Rico)
    • Holocaust Memorial Day (Lithuania)
    • Kyrgyz Language Day (Kyrgyzstan)
    • National Day (Saudi Arabia)
    • Teachers' Day (Brunei)
  • September 24
  • September 25
WPA poster, 1940

References

  1. ^ "Mean Monthly Temperature Records Across the Globe". National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Link is an example for one month; for other months, change the "202501" in the preceding URL to yyyymm, where yyyy is the four-digit year and mm is the two-digit month (01=January through 12=December)
  2. ^ Office, Met. "Met Office: Changing seasons". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 2009-02-25.
  3. ^ H.H. Scullard, Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic (Cornell University Press, 1981), p. 84; Gary Forsythe, Time in Roman Religion: One Thousand Years of Religious History (Routledge, 2012), p. 14.
  4. ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "September". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 653.
  5. ^ "The most common birthday is around the corner. Here's where yours falls on the list". USA TODAY. Retrieved 2023-09-09.
  6. ^ Specktor, Brandon (2020-09-17). "Why September Is the Most Popular Month for Birthdays?". Reader's Digest. Retrieved 2023-09-09.
  7. ^ "Happy birthday to you and you and you: Why Sept. 9 is the most common birthday". TODAY.com. 2023-09-08. Retrieved 2023-09-09.
  8. ^ SHG Resources. "SHGresources.com". SHGresources.com. Archived from the original on 2013-06-16. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
  9. ^ "Flowerstower.com". Archived from the original on February 24, 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
  10. ^ The Earth passes the junction of the signs at 13:30 UT/GMT September 22, 2020, and will pass it again at 19:21 UT/GMT September 22, 2021.
  11. ^ "Astrology Calendar", yourzodiacsign. Signs in UT/GMT for 1950–2030.
  12. ^ a b "Cancer Awareness Month :: Society of Gynecologic Nurse Oncologists". www.sgno.org.
  13. ^ "September Is Leukemia and Lymphoma Awareness Month" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2016-08-19.
  14. ^ Baunfire.com, Spark CMS by. "September Is Thyroid Cancer Awareness Month – ThyCa: Thyroid Cancer Survivors' Association, Inc". www.thyca.org.
  15. ^ "Promote National Suicide Prevention Month". suicidepreventionlifeline.org. Retrieved 2019-11-25.
  16. ^ "Fruit & Veg Month – Healthy Kids". 8 October 2013.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Food Days, Weeks, Months – September". UNL Food. University of Nebraska–Lincoln.
  18. ^ Goldstein, Darra (2011). "National Turkey Day". Gastronomica. 11 (4): iii–iv. doi:10.1525/gfc.2012.11.4.iii.
  19. ^ "September is Hydrocephalus Awareness Month! Here's What You Can Do..." Hydrocephalus Association. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  20. ^ "California Wine Month – California Wines". www.discovercaliforniawines.com. Archived from the original on 2018-11-27. Retrieved 2016-08-20.
  21. ^ "September Monthly Observations". 4 January 2016.
  22. ^ "Home » te Wiki o te Reo Māori". Archived from the original on 2020-02-06. Retrieved 2020-02-05.
  23. ^ TDT (2024-09-09). "A toast to grandparents". Daily Tribune. Retrieved 2025-06-24.
  24. ^ "Holiday Calendar - International Crane Day - September 10". Archived from the original on 2023-06-03. Retrieved 2025-08-28.
  • The dictionary definition of September at Wiktionary
  • Media related to September at Wikimedia Commons
  • Quotations related to September at Wikiquote
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