1873

1873 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1873
MDCCCLXXIII
Ab urbe condita2626
Armenian calendar1322
ԹՎ ՌՅԻԲ
Assyrian calendar6623
Baháʼí calendar29–30
Balinese saka calendar1794–1795
Bengali calendar1279–1280
Berber calendar2823
British Regnal year36 Vict. 1 – 37 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar2417
Burmese calendar1235
Byzantine calendar7381–7382
Chinese calendar壬申年 (Water Monkey)
4570 or 4363
    — to —
癸酉年 (Water Rooster)
4571 or 4364
Coptic calendar1589–1590
Discordian calendar3039
Ethiopian calendar1865–1866
Hebrew calendar5633–5634
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1929–1930
 - Shaka Samvat1794–1795
 - Kali Yuga4973–4974
Holocene calendar11873
Igbo calendar873–874
Iranian calendar1251–1252
Islamic calendar1289–1290
Japanese calendarMeiji 6
(明治６年)
Javanese calendar1801–1802
Julian calendarGregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar4206
Minguo calendar39 before ROC
民前39年
Nanakshahi calendar405
Thai solar calendar2415–2416
Tibetan calendarཆུ་ཕོ་སྤྲེ་ལོ་
(male Water-Monkey)
1999 or 1618 or 846
    — to —
ཆུ་མོ་བྱ་ལོ་
(female Water-Bird)
2000 or 1619 or 847
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1873.

1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1873rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 873rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 73rd year of the 19th century, and the 4th year of the 1870s decade. As of the start of 1873, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

January

February

March

April

  • April 1 – The British ocean liner RMS Atlantic sinks off Nova Scotia, killing 547 people.
  • April 4 – The Kennel Club, the world's first kennel club, is founded in the United Kingdom.
  • April 13 – Colfax massacre: More than 60 to 150 black men are murdered in Colfax, Louisiana, while surrendering to a mob of former Confederate soldiers and members of the Ku Klux Klan.
  • April 15–17 – American Indian Wars: The Second Battle of the Stronghold is fought.
  • April 19 – In Richmond, Rhode Island, 11 people perish in a train derailment, due to a bridge washout in the village of Richmond Switch (modern-day Wood River Junction).
  • April 23 – Third Carlist War EVENTS IN MADRID, SPAIN -- Brigadier General Carmona confronts the insurgents at the Madrid bullring.

May

  • May 1 – The Vienna World's Fair opens in the capital of Austria-Hungary and runs for six months, closing on October 31.
  • May 5 – Third Carlist War in Spain: Battle of Eraul – Carlists under General Dorregaray defeat Republicans at Eraul, near Estella.
  • May 9
    • Der Gründerkrach: The Wiener Börse (Vienna stock exchange) crash in Austria-Hungary ends the Gründerzeit, and heralds the global Panic of 1873 and Long Depression.[1]
    • Third Carlist War: The Battle of Montejurra is fought at Navarra, Spain.
  • May 20
    • Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive United States patent 139121, for using copper rivets to strengthen the pockets of denim work pants. Levi Strauss & Co. begins manufacturing the famous Levi's brand of jeans, using fabric from the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company in Manchester, New Hampshire.
    • In Chipping Norton, England, rioters attempt to free the Ascott Martyrs –16 women sentenced to imprisonment, for attempting to dissuade strikebreakers in an agricultural labor dispute.
  • May 23
  • May 27 – Classical archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann discovers Priam's Treasure.
  • May 28
    • C. Laan brings order to the chaos created by the dockworker riots of Tripoli, Lebanon.
    • The city of Khiva in Turkestan falls to Imperial Russian forces, under the command of General Konstantin von Kaufman.
  • May – Henry Rose exhibits barbed wire at an Illinois county fair, which is taken up by Joseph Glidden and Jacob Haish, who invent a machine to mass-produce it.

June

July

  • July 1 – Prince Edward Island joins the Canadian Confederation.
  • July 5 – New Rush in Griqualand West, South Africa, is renamed Kimberley.[2]
  • July 9 –
    • Third Carlist War: Battle of Alpens – Campaigning in Catalonia, a government column under General José Cabrinetty is ambushed at Alpens, 15 miles east of Berga, by Carlist forces under General Francisco Savalls. After heavy fighting, with Cabrinety killed, virtually the entire column of 800 men is killed or captured.
    • The government of Otto von Bismarck in a united Germany introduces the gold mark, a unified currency to replace the various legal tender of the nation-states of the German Confederation..[3]
  • July 17 – Richard Southey becomes the first Lieutenant-Governor of Griqualand West.[4]
  • July 21 – At Adair, Iowa, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang pull off the first successful train robbery in the American Old West (US$3,000 from the Rock Island Express).
  • July 22 – Sir Benjamin Pine becomes Lieutenant-governor of the Colony of Natal.
  • July – The end of the war between the United Kingdom and Ghana's King Kofi KariKari, who is involved in the trading of slaves, leads to the establishment of the Gold Coast Colony.

August

September

October

  • October 2 – The British ship SS Ismailia, an Anchor Line steamer that departed from New York on September 30 with 52 people disappears while en route to Glasgow.[6]
  • October 29 – At Dresden, Albrecht I becomes new King Albrecht I of King of Saxony, an independent state within the German Empire, upon the death of his father King Johann, who had ruled since 1854.[7]

November

  • November 7
    • Alexander Mackenzie becomes the second Prime Minister of Canada.[8]
    • Third Carlist War: Battle of Montejurra – Determined to recapture the key city of Estella in Navarre, Spanish Republican General Domingo Moriones advances on the Carlists under General Joaquín Elío at nearby Montejurra. After very heavy fighting both sides claim victory, but Moriones withdraws, and Estella remains in Carlist hands. Don Carlos is present in the front line.
  • November 17 – Budapest, Hungary's capital, is formed from Pest, Buda and Óbuda.
  • November 18–21 – Irish Home Rule movement: The Home Government Association reconstitutes itself as the Home Rule League.
  • November 22 – SS Ville du Havre, on passage from New York to France, collides with Scottish 3-masted iron clipper Loch Earn in mid-Atlantic and sinks in 12 minutes with the loss of 226 lives.

December

  • December 15 – Women of Fredonia, New York, march against the retail liquor dealers in town, to inaugurate the Woman's Crusade of 1873–74.
  • December 16 – The Heineken Brewery is founded in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
  • December 19 (December 7 OS) – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's fantasia The Tempest, composed between August and October, is premiered, in Moscow.
  • December 21 – French official Francis Garnier is attacked outside Hanoi by Black Flag mercenaries fighting for the Vietnamese.
  • December 22 – Third Carlist War: Battle of Bocairente – Campaigning in Valenica, Spanish Republican General Valeriano Weyler is attacked at Bocairente, northwest of Alcoy, by a greatly superior Carlist force under General José Santés. Weyler is initially driven back, losing some of his guns, but in a brilliant counter-attack he turns defeat into victory, and Santés is heavily repulsed and forced to withdraw.
  • December 23 – The Woman's Christian Temperance Union is founded, in Hillsboro, Ohio.
  • December 27 – Third Carlist War: Siege of Bilbao (until 2 May 1874) – Campaigning in Navarre, Pretender Don Carlos VII and General Joaquín Elío besiege Bilbao, held by General Ignacio del Castillo and 1,200 men. The Carlist force is ten times this number, and includes most of the troops from Navarre, Vizcaya and Álava, although a considerable force is left in Guipúzcoa. Despite defeat at nearby Somorrostro, Republican commander Marshal Francisco Serrano, supported by Generals Manuel de la Concha and Arsenio Martínez-Campos, brilliantly breaks the siege, and Concha then marches on Estella.
  • December – Major Walter Clopton Wingfield designs and patents a racquet sport, which he calls sphairistike (Greek σφάίρίστική, "skill at playing at ball"), soon known simply as Stické and an ancestor of lawn tennis, for the amusement of his guests at a garden party on his estate of Nantclwyd, in Llanelidan, Wales.

Date unknown

  • The League of the Three Emperors is created. It links the conservative monarchs of Austria-Hungary, the German Empire and the Russian Empire in an alliance against radical movements.
  • Founding in Canada of:
    • Toronto Argonauts (football), the oldest professional sports team still playing in North America.
    • Royal Montreal Club in Montreal, the first permanent golf club in North America.
  • Liebig's Extract of Meat Company begins producing tinned corned beef, sold under the label Fray Bentos, from the town in Uruguay where it is processed.
  • Coors Brewing Company begins making beer in Golden, Colorado.
  • Konishiya Rokubei, predecessor of the Konica Minolta worldwide imaging brand, is founded in Tokyo, Japan.[9]
  • The Swedish arms company Aktiebolaget (AB) Bofors-Gullspång, better known as Bofors, is founded.
  • In Mexico, the Veracruz–Mexico City railroad is completed.
  • Nine Pekin ducks are imported to Long Island (the first in the United States).
  • The Married Woman's Property Rights Association is founded in Sweden.
  • Demonstration of an electric tram operated on Miller's line at Sestroretsk near Saint Petersburg in the Russian Empire by inventor Fyodor Pirotsky.[10]

Births

January–February

Adolph Zukor
Melitta Bentz
Enrico Caruso
Sergei Rachmaninoff

March–April

May–June

Hans Berger
Otto Loewi
Alexis Carrel

July–August

Prince Yamashina Kikumaro
Karl Schwarzschild

September–October

November–December

Ramón Castillo

Date unknown

  • Nesaruddin Ahmad, Bengali Islamic scholar (d. 1952)[29]
  • Filip Mișea, Aromanian activist, physician and politician (d. 1944)[30]

Deaths

January–June

Napoleon III
Justus von Liebig
David Livingstone

July–December

Johan Gabriel Ståhlberg

References

  1. ^ Wilhelm Emil Angerstein, Fünfundzwanzig Jahre oesterreichischer Finanzpolitik: (1848 bis 1873) : ein historischer Rückblick (Twenty-five years of Austrian financial policy: (1848 to 1873) : a historical review) (Luckhardt'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1874) (in German)
  2. ^ Roberts, Brian. 1976. Kimberley, turbulent city. Cape Town: David Philip, p 115
  3. ^ Shaw, William Arthur (1896). The History of Currency, 1252-1894. Putnam.
  4. ^ The British Empire: Griqualand West Administrators (Accessed on 16 April 2017)
  5. ^ This Day in History Archived December 2, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 22 November 2013.
  6. ^ "Ismailia, Anchor Line". norwayheritage.com. 2012. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
  7. ^ Hashagen, Justus (1911). "John, King of Saxony" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). pp. 444–445.
  8. ^ "Alexander Mackenzie (politician) | EBSCO Research Starters". www.ebsco.com. Retrieved July 18, 2025.
  9. ^ "History". Konica Minolta. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
  10. ^ Pyrgidis, C. N. (2016). Railway Transportation Systems: Design, Construction and Operation. CRC Press. p. 156.
  11. ^ Rossel, Sven (1984). Johannes V. Jensen. Boston: Twayne Publishers. p. 1. ISBN 9780805765656.
  12. ^ Cummins, Laurel (2005). Colette and the conquest of self. Birmingham, Ala: Summa. p. 20. ISBN 9781883479466.
  13. ^ "Thomas Andrews | Irish ship designer | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved April 15, 2022.
  14. ^ Jaffé, Daniel (2012). Historical dictionary of Russian music. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press. p. 83. ISBN 9780810879805.
  15. ^ Caruso, Enrico (1997). Enrico Caruso : my father and my family. Portland, Ore: Amadeus Press. p. 19. ISBN 9781574670226.
  16. ^ Steinberg, Michael (2000). The concerto : a listener's guide. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. p. 380. ISBN 9780195103304.
  17. ^ Steinberg, Michael (1995). The symphony : a listener's guide. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 443. ISBN 9780195126655.
  18. ^ Parini, Jay (2004). The Oxford encyclopedia of American literature. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 118. ISBN 9780195156539.
  19. ^ "Etusivu". kansallisbiografia.fi.
  20. ^ Wharton, Edith (2000). Yrs. ever affly : the correspondence of Edith Wharton and Louis Bromfield. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press. p. 111. ISBN 9780870135163.
  21. ^ Bloom, Ken (2013). Routledge Guide to Broadway. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. p. 104. ISBN 9781135871178.
  22. ^ Ben Fisher (2000). The Pataphysician's Library: An Exploration of Alfred Jarry's 'Livres Pairs'. Liverpool University Press. p. 4. ISBN 9781781388013.
  23. ^ Urho Kekkosen isä Juho – Kotiseurakuntani (in Finnish)
  24. ^ "Person: Merinen, Juho Rikard". War Victims of Finland 1914–1922. Helsinki, Finland: National Archives of Finland. Retrieved July 23, 2023.
  25. ^ Hardy, Phil (1995). The Da Capo companion to 20th-century popular music. New York: Da Capo Press. p. 402. ISBN 9780306806407.
  26. ^ "William Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork and Orrery". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32015. Retrieved September 20, 2014. (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
  27. ^ Parini, Jay (2004). The Oxford encyclopedia of American literature. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 240. ISBN 9780195156539.
  28. ^ Henderson, Lesley (1990). Twentieth-Century romance and historical writers. Chicago: St. James Press. p. 243. ISBN 9780912289977.
  29. ^ Ahmed, Siraj Uddin (2010). "নেছারউদ্দীন আহমদ (রহ.), শাহ সূফী, (শর্শিনার পির সাহেব)". বরিশাল বিভাগের ইতিহাস [History of Barisal Division] (in Bengali). Vol. 2. Dhaka: Bhaskar Prakashani.
  30. ^ Tudor, Anghel C. (April 10, 2019). "Celebrități medicale buzoiene / Doctor Mișea Filip, creatorul secției de contagioase a Spitalului Gârlași". Opinia Buzău (in Romanian).
  31. ^ Melada, Ivan (1987). Sheridan Le Fanu. Boston: Twayne Publishers. p. 12. ISBN 9780805769371.
  32. ^ The American Cyclopædia: A Popular Dictionary of General Knowledge. D. Appleton. 1881. p. 203.
  33. ^ Bruce Mazlish (1988). James and John Stuart Mill: Father and Son in the Nineteenth Century. Transaction Books. p. 111.
  34. ^ Robertson, David (September 23, 2004). "Lucy, Charles". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/17147. (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
  35. ^ Manzoni, Alessandro (2004). Alessandro Manzoni's The Count of Carmagnola and Adelchis. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 5. ISBN 9780801878817.
  36. ^ Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir, eds. (2012). "Jaunpuri, Karamat Ali". Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved January 11, 2026.
  37. ^ Johan Gabriel Ståhlberg – KirjastoVirma Archived June 24, 2021, at the Wayback Machine (in Finnish)
  38. ^ Magill, Frank (1997). Cyclopedia of world authors. Pasadena, Calif: Salem Press. p. 738. ISBN 9780893564360.

Further reading

  • 1873 Annual Cyclopedia (1874) highly detailed coverage of "Political, Military, and Ecclesiastical Affairs; Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry" for year 1873; massive compilation of facts and primary documents; worldwide coverage; 831pp
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.